RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -A part of the experiment that is not being tested and is used for comparison of the experimental results. A control group should be used when conducting an experiment.

Detailed explanation-2: -Control refers to holding constant all of the other variables that could affect the outcome. For example, a comparative experiment comparing the effects of two diets of different nutritional value on the growth of mice should ensure that the mice eat at the same time, regardless of which diet they are assigned to eat.

Detailed explanation-3: -In experimental research, the control group is the group of participants that do not receive the experimental treatment and serves as the standard for comparison.

Detailed explanation-4: -In uncontrolled or observational studies, researchers have no such control over whether their subjects receive the treatment being investigated. Uncontrolled studies thus are subject to worries about confounding variables.

Detailed explanation-5: -The correct statement is (d) blinding. Confounding is a type of systematic error that occurs in epidemiology.