RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Two weaknesses in causal-comparative research are lack of randomization and inability to manipulate an independent variable. As we have mentioned, random assignment of subjects to groups is not possible in causal-comparative research since the groups are al-ready formed.

Detailed explanation-2: -However, there are drawbacks of causal-comparative research too, such as its inability to manipulate or control an independent variable and the lack of randomization. Subject-selection bias always remains a possibility and poses a threat to the internal validity of a study.

Detailed explanation-3: -Causal comparative designs have the same limitations as any other design undernon-experimental research that is the independent variable cannot be manipulated and the researcher has no control over other variables that can be impacting the dependent variable.

Detailed explanation-4: -One strength of causal-comparative studies, in comparison to experimental studies, is that causal-comparative studies can examine while experimental studies cannot.