RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Causal-comparative research is a methodology used to identify cause-effect relationships between independent and dependent variables. Researchers can study cause and effect in retrospect. This can help determine the consequences or causes of differences already existing among or between different groups of people.

Detailed explanation-2: -As we have mentioned, random assignment of subjects to groups is not possible in causal-comparative research since the groups are al-ready formed. Manipulation of the independent variable is not possible because the groups have already been exposed to the independent variable.

Detailed explanation-3: -Causal-comparative research is a family of research designs used to examine potential causes for observed differences found among existing groups. Causal-comparative research is useful for the study of causes where experimental assignment or manipulation is infeasible, unethical, or in some way prohibited.

Detailed explanation-4: -However, there are drawbacks of causal-comparative research too, such as its inability to manipulate or control an independent variable and the lack of randomization. Subject-selection bias always remains a possibility and poses a threat to the internal validity of a study.