RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Lev Vygotsky (1896-1934) was a Soviet psychologist who coined the term “zone of proximal development” and conducted many studies that led to instructional scaffolding. This is why the concept is often referred to as “Vygotsky scaffolding."

Detailed explanation-2: -Theory of scaffolding. Scaffolding theory was first introduced in the late 1950s by Jerome Bruner, a cognitive psychologist. He used the term to describe young children’s oral language acquisition.

Detailed explanation-3: -Vygotsky, a developmental psychologist from the early 1900s, noted that the key to children’s learning is challenging them at the right level (the zone of proximal development) and providing the help they need to succeed (“scaffolding”; Arnett, 2012, p. 190).