RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

REPORTING AND THESIS WRITING

BIBLIOGRAPHY

Question [CLICK ON ANY CHOICE TO KNOW THE RIGHT ANSWER]
When should you use the abbreviation, “et al.?”
A
only when a work has several authors
B
only when a work has no listed author
C
only when a source appears in a magazine or journal
D
only when a source has no listed publisher
Explanation: 

Detailed explanation-1: -For sources with three to five authors, list all the authors the first time, and use “et al.” only in subsequent citations. For sources with six or more authors, use “et al.” from the first citation.

Detailed explanation-2: -Using “et al.” in APA in-text citations Sources with three, four or five authors are shortened after the first citation. From the second citation onwards, include only the first author name followed by “et al.” (“and others”). Sources with six or more authors are always shortened, including in the first citation.

Detailed explanation-3: -A Work by Three or More Authors List only the first author’s name followed by “et al.” in every citation, even the first, unless doing so would create ambiguity between different sources. In et al., et should not be followed by a period. Only “al” should be followed by a period.

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