RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -The first patent for a ballpoint pen was issued on 30 October 1888, to John J. Loud, who was attempting to make a writing instrument that would be able to write “on rough surfaces-such as wood, coarse wrapping-paper, and other articles” which then-common fountain pens could not.

Detailed explanation-2: -1943: Brothers László and Georg Bíró, Hungarian refugees living in Argentina, patent the ballpoint pen.

Detailed explanation-3: -The principle of the ballpoint pen dates from the late 19th Century when patents were taken out by John Loud in 1888 for a product to mark leather and in 1916 by Van Vechten Riesberg.

Detailed explanation-4: -John J. After becoming frustrated with fountain pens’ inability to mark up leather, he decided to take the matter into his own hands. In October of 1888, Loud filed a patent with the U.S. Patent Office for a “pen” (pictured here). His invention consisted of three small metal spheres at the tip of a hollow metal barrel.