(A) July 21, 1898
(B) July 3, 1862
(C) ** July 21, 1861
(D) July 22, 1861
EXPLANATIONS BELOW
Concept note-1: -The First Battle of Bull Run, also known as the Battle of Manassas, marked the first major land battle of the American Civil War. On July 21, 1861, Union and Confederate armies clashed near Manassas Junction, Virginia.
Concept note-2: -The first land battle of the Civil War was fought on July 21, 1861, just 30 miles from Washington-close enough for U.S. senators to witness the battle in person. Southerners called it the Battle of Manassas, after the closest town. Northerners called it Bull Run, after a stream running through the battlefield.
Concept note-3: -The end result of the battle was a Confederate victory and Federal forces retreated to the defenses of Washington, DC. One week later, General George McClellan was appointed head of the Army of the Potomac. The three maps cited below all use the name “Bull Run” to identify the battle.
Concept note-4: -The First Battle of Bull Run. On July 21, 1861, a dry summer Sunday, Union and Confederate troops clashed outside Manassas, Virginia, in the first major engagement of the Civil War, the First Battle of Bull Run.
Concept note-5: -At 4:30 a.m. on April 12, 1861, Confederate troops fired on Fort Sumter in South Carolina’s Charleston Harbor. Less than 34 hours later, Union forces surrendered. Traditionally, this event has been used to mark the beginning of the Civil War.