(A) Germany
(B) Austria
(C) Turkey
(D) ** Belgium
EXPLANATIONS BELOW
Concept note-1: -The Central Powers’ origin was the alliance of Germany and Austria-Hungary in 1879. Despite having nominally joined the Triple Alliance before, Italy did not take part in World War I on the side of the Central Powers.
Concept note-2: -The Ottoman Empire, often known as Turkey, was not part of the Central Powers alliance in August 1914, but it had declared war on most of the Entente Powers by the end of 1914.
Concept note-3: -Germany was not the part of Allied powers in the First World War. On June 28’ 1919, the Treaty of Versailles concluded the war listed 27 “Allied and Associated powers”. Portugal and Japan were allied by the treaty of Britain and Italy were allied by the treaty of London on April 26’ 1915 with all the three powers.
Concept note-4: -The Allies described the wartime military alliance of Germany, Austria-Hungary, Bulgaria and the Ottoman Empire as the ‘Central Powers’.
Concept note-5: -France was a part of the Allied countries and not a part of the Axis powers during the second world war.