USA HISTORY

ARTICLE 10. The Members of the League undertake to respect and preserve the territorial integrity and existing political independence of all Members of the League against external aggression. In case of any such aggression or threat of such aggression, the [Executive] Council shall advise on the means by which this obligation shall be fulfilled.-Covenant of the League of Nations, a portion of the Treaty of Versailles Why did many U.S. Senators object to Article 10?

(A) They had plans to seize new overseas territories for the United States

(B) They were afraid that the League would be controlled by the Centralpowers

(C) ** They feared Americans would be required to act against aggression inEurope

(D) They thought it demanded that Americans grant independence to thePhilippines

Concept note-1: -ARTICLE 10. The Members of the League undertake to respect and preserve as against external aggression the territorial integrity and existing political independence of all Members of the League.

Concept note-2: -ARTICLE 11. Any war or threat of war, whether immediately affecting any of the Members of the League or not, is hereby declared a matter of concern to the whole League, and the League shall take any action that may be deemed wise and effectual to safeguard the peace of nations.

Concept note-3: -They used trading sanctions to place economic roadblocks in the way of countries who were being aggressive toward other countries. The League could use arbitration, through which the disagreeing countries could discuss their issues peacefully to reach a mutually-agreed-upon outcome.

Concept note-4: -The League of Nations (1920 – 1946) was the first intergovernmental organization established “to promote international cooperation and to achieve international peace and security”. It is often referred to as the “predecessor” of the United Nations.