(A) Axism
(B) Allism
(C) ** Neutrality
(D) Isolationism
EXPLANATIONS BELOW
Concept note-1: -Neutralism or a “neutralist policy” is a foreign policy position wherein a state intends to remain neutral in future wars. A sovereign state that reserves the right to become a belligerent if attacked by a party to the war is in a condition of armed neutrality.
Concept note-2: -Neutrality describes the formal position taken by a State which is not participating in an armed conflict or which does not want to become involved. This status entails specific rights and duties.
Concept note-3: -Dozens of European states adopted neutrality at the beginning of WWII, but by 1945 only Ireland, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, and Turkey remained independent or unaligned.
Concept note-4: -2 Violations of Neutrality A violation of neutrality can consist of: (1) an act of war which affects the impartiality of the neutral State, or (2) an act of war which affects the neutral State as a non-participant to the armed conflict.