USA HISTORY

AMERICAN IMPERIALISM(1890 1919)

THE UNITED STATES IN WORLD WAR I

[SOURCES]
What was Japan’s strategy in its surprise attack on Pearl Harbor?

(A) ** Japan wanted to prevent American resistance to Japanese expansion by destroying America’s Pacific naval and air presence.

(B) Japan wanted distract the U.S. with Pearl Harbor while Germany coordinated a larger attack in Britain.

(C) Japan wanted to annex Hawaii.

(D) Japan wanted to draw all U.S. military attention to the Pacific so that Germany could attack from the Atlantic front.

EXPLANATIONS BELOW

Concept note-1: -The Japanese strategy was to destroy the invader’s landing vessels before they hit the beaches. For this purpose, Japan had reserved about 5, 000 conventional aircraft and a variety of suicide vehicles, including about 5, 500 kamikaze planes, 1, 300 suicide submarines, and several hundred piloted bombs.

Concept note-2: -Most thought Japan would seize oil rich British and Dutch colonies in Southeast Asia. American forces in the Philippines could threaten such a Japanese advance-so Washington saw potential conflict there. The prospect of an assault on Hawaii, mounted across 3400 miles of ocean, seemed remote.

Concept note-3: -The Japanese would use the terrain to slow the American advance, and the Japanese would attempt to bleed the Allied Naval forces. The American forces would conduct a massive artillery barrage followed by a sweeping maneuver to take the island. The Navy would defend the sky and support the American advance.