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Detailed explanation-1: -Operationalization can be defined as the process of turning abstract concepts into measurable observations. It involves defining how a concept can be measured, observed, or manipulated. Using operationalization, researchers can systematically collect and evaluate phenomena that can’t be observed directly.

Detailed explanation-2: -Variables are properties or characteristics of the concept (e.g., performance at school), while indicators are ways of measuring or quantifying variables (e.g., yearly grade reports). The process of turning abstract concepts into measurable variables and indicators is called operationalization.

Detailed explanation-3: -Which answer best describes the best definition for Operationalization? The process by which a researcher defines how a concept is measured, observed, or manipulated within a particular study.

Detailed explanation-4: -Operationalization is the process by which researchers conducting quantitative research spell out precisely how a concept will be measured. It involves identifying the specific research procedures we will use to gather data about our concepts.

Detailed explanation-5: -For example, in survey research, if you are studying people’s sleep habits, you might operationalize “sleep” as the number of hours slept each night and “bedtime” as when someone goes to bed each night. In a research design, you might operationalize control variables by defining them and measuring their value.