IMMUNOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Dentin tubules are small, hollow microscopic channels that travel from the inside of the tooth (where the pulp is) out through the dentin, ending right beneath the enamel. Dentin is the middle layer of the tooth, forming the bulk of the tooth.

Detailed explanation-2: -Conclusions: Diode lasers (810 and 980 nm) used at 0.8 and 1 W for 10 sec in continuous mode were able to seal the dentin tubules. These parameters can be considered harmless for pulp vitality, and may be effective in the treatment of dentinal hypersensitivity.

Detailed explanation-3: -Bacterial invasion of dentinal tubules commonly occurs when dentin is exposed following a breach in the integrity of the overlying enamel or cementum. Bacterial products diffuse through the dentinal tubule toward the pulp and evoke inflammatory changes in the pulpo-dentin complex.