IMMUNOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Lymph collects some waste products, bacteria and damaged cells from inside the body’s tissues so that they can be removed from the body or destroyed. Lymph drains into lymph vessels that carry it to lymph nodes. Lymph nodes clean the lymph and add more lymphocytes to it.

Detailed explanation-2: -The spleen is located in the upper left part of the belly under the ribcage. It helps protect the body by clearing worn-out red blood cells and other foreign bodies (such as germs) from the bloodstream.

Detailed explanation-3: -Bacteria (or their products) picked up from the tissues by cells called macrophages, or those that flow into the lymph, are forced to percolate through the lymph nodes. There, white blood cells called lymphocytes can attack and kill the bacteria.

Detailed explanation-4: -Lymph nodes mainly store immune cells that help the body fight infection but are also places where these cells can be made. They also filter the lymph fluid and remove foreign material such as bacteria and cancer cells.

Detailed explanation-5: -Lymph nodes: Lymph nodes are bean-shaped glands that monitor and cleanse the lymph as it filters through them. The nodes filter out the damaged cells and cancer cells. These lymph nodes also store lymphocytes and other immune system cells that attack and destroy bacteria and other harmful substances in the fluid.

Detailed explanation-6: -Most of the body’s organs remove dead cells and other waste using the lymphatic system. Lymphatic vessels run alongside blood vessels and transport out lymph, a colorless fluid containing infection-fighting immune cells and waste. Lymph is filtered through the lymph nodes and then returned back into the bloodstream.