ABDOMINAL
CHRONIC LIVER DISEASE
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Question
[CLICK ON ANY CHOICE TO KNOW THE RIGHT ANSWER]
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using ethanol dehydrogenase
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converted to hydrophobic substances
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converted to hydrophilic substances
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converted to urea
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Detailed explanation-1: -First, ADH metabolizes alcohol to acetaldehyde, a highly toxic substance and known carcinogen (1). Then, in a second step, acetaldehyde is further metabolized down to another, less active byproduct called acetate (1), which then is broken down into water and carbon dioxide for easy elimination (2).
Detailed explanation-2: -The Mechanism for alcohol dehydrogenase follows an random bisubstrate mechanism. In the mechanism, the NAD+ and alcohol bind to the enzyme, so that the enzyme is now attached to the two subtrates.
Detailed explanation-3: -The enzyme alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) metabolizes the ethanol (that’s the type of alcohol in alcohol) into toxic acetaldehyde. From there the liver enzyme aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) metabolizes acetaldehyde into acetate, a less toxic compound that breaks down into water and carbon dioxide.
Detailed explanation-4: -The liver is the primary organ responsible for the detoxification of alcohol. Liver cells produce the enzyme alcohol dehydrogenase which breaks alcohol into ketones at a rate of about 0.015 g/100mL/hour (reduces BAC by 0.015 per hour).