MRCP UK EXAMINATIONS

Detailed explanation-1: -Gastric inhibitory polypeptide or gastric inhibitory peptide also known as glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide abbreviated as GIP, is an inhibiting hormone of the secretin family of hormones. While it is a weak inhibitor of gastric acid secretion, its main role is to stimulate insulin secretion.

Detailed explanation-2: -Glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide stimulates the release of insulin from the beta cells in the pancreas in order to maintain low blood sugar levels after eating. It also increases the production of these cells and reduces the rate at which they break down.

Detailed explanation-3: -GIP appears to enhance the release of insulin and glucagon, and may be responsible for some cases of hypoglycemia. It stimulates small intestinal secretion, and inhibits the basal and stimulated secretion of acid by the stomach, the secretion of pepsin, the release of gastrin, and the motility of the stomach.

Detailed explanation-4: -GIP was first named gastric inhibitory peptide because it was thought to decrease gastric acid secretion; however, later studies demonstrated that its main effect is stimulating insulin secretion in response to a meal. GIP is also involved in lipid metabolism and is thought to promote fat deposition.

Detailed explanation-5: -Incretin was originally identified as the hormone that transmits signals from the gut to the pancreatic cells, and the principal role of GIP and GLP‐1 has generally been thought to stimulate insulin secretion.