MRCP UK EXAMINATIONS

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ABDOMINAL

GENERALISED LYMPHADENOPATHY

Question [CLICK ON ANY CHOICE TO KNOW THE RIGHT ANSWER]
A macroscopical investigation of a removed kidney revealed in proximal area of an ureter the concrement which obturated its lumen. The kidney was markedly enlarged; a parenchyma was atrophic with considerably dilated pelvis and calyces. Microscopical study of kidney’s sample showed the diffusive sclerosis, an atrophy of glomeruli and tubules. Survived tubules were cystically dilated. What complication of a nephrolithiasis developed at the patient?
A
Hydronephrosis
B
Pyonephrosis
C
Pyelonephritis
D
Glomerulonephritis
Explanation: 

Detailed explanation-1: -What is an intravenous pyelogram (IVP)? An IVP is an imaging test used to look at the kidneys and ureters. The ureters are the narrow tubes that carry urine from the kidneys to the bladder. During the test, the radiologist injects a contrast dye into one of your veins.

Detailed explanation-2: -The most common renal abnormality is hydronephrosis (also known as renal pelvic dilatation) with an incidence estimated between 0.5 and 1% [3, 4]. Two grading systems exist for fetal hydronephrosis – the anterior posterior diameter (APD) and the Society for Fetal Urology (SFU) grade.

Detailed explanation-3: -An intravenous pyelogram (IVP) is an x-ray examination of the kidneys, ureters and urinary bladder that uses iodinated contrast material injected into veins. An x-ray exam helps doctors diagnose and treat medical conditions.

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