MRCP UK EXAMINATIONS

ABDOMINAL

GENERALISED LYMPHADENOPATHY

Question [CLICK ON ANY CHOICE TO KNOW THE RIGHT ANSWER]
A physical examination of a young woman revealed marked edemas and high proteinuria. A histological investigation of kidneys biopsy determined a disappearance of podocytes, a declining of heparansulfate in a basal membrane of glomerular capillaries. What is the most likely disease?
A
Idiopathic nephrotic syndrome
B
Postinfectious glomerulonephritis
C
Rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis
D
Chronic glomerulonephritis
Explanation: 

Detailed explanation-1: -Nephrotic syndrome (NS) is a clinical syndrome defined by massive proteinuria (greater than 40 mg/m^2 per hour) responsible for hypoalbuminemia (less than 30 g/L), with resulting hyperlipidemia, edema, and various complications.

Detailed explanation-2: -The classic triad of preeclampsia is hypertension, proteinuria, and edema. Today, edema is no longer considered an important part of this condition, because it is a common finding in normal pregnancy, and approximately one-third of eclamptic women do not develop edema (1).

Detailed explanation-3: -Nephrotic syndrome is the combination of nephrotic-range proteinuria with a low serum albumin level and edema. Nephrotic-range proteinuria is the loss of 3 grams or more per day of protein into the urine or, on a single spot urine collection, the presence of 2 g of protein per gram of urine creatinine.

There is 1 question to complete.