MRCP UK EXAMINATIONS

Detailed explanation-1: -(T/F) Dehiscence of the prosthetic valve occurs when the sutures in the sewing ring become loose or break. True.

Detailed explanation-2: -Prosthetic heart valves are prone to infective endocarditis (IE). Any bacteremia can potentially lead to prosthetic valve infective endocarditis (PVE). It is commonly caused by bacterial organisms such as staphylococci, streptococci, or enterococci.

Detailed explanation-3: -Complications include embolic events, bleeding, valve obstruction (due to thrombosis or pannus), infective endocarditis, structural deterioration (particularly for bioprosthetic valves), paravalvular regurgitation, hemolytic anemia, and prosthesis-patient mismatch.

Detailed explanation-4: -Prosthetic Valves The most common causes of prosthetic valve stenosis are leaflet degeneration in bioprosthetic valves, endocarditis leading to leaflet destruction, and valve thrombosis and pannus formation in mechanical valves, which are associated with valve obstruction.

Detailed explanation-5: -Their primary function is to prevent retrograde blood flow into the atria during ventricular systole. The aortic and pulmonic valves are collectively known as the semilunar valves, and their primary function is to prevent retrograde blood flow into the ventricles during diastole.