CARDIOLOGY
VENTRICULAR SEPTAL DEFECT
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Question
[CLICK ON ANY CHOICE TO KNOW THE RIGHT ANSWER]
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To minimize platelet aggregation
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To reduce preload and afterload
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To reduce myocardial oxygen consumption
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To decrease myocardial oxygen demand
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Detailed explanation-1: -ACE inhibitors reduce afterload, preload, and systolic wall stress100 –109 such that cardiac output increases without an increase in heart rate. ACE inhibitors promote salt excretion by augmenting renal blood flow and by reducing the production of aldosterone and antidiuretic hormone.
Detailed explanation-2: -Nursing considerations Give potassium supplements and potassium-sparing diuretics cautiously because ACE inhibitors can cause potassium retention and hyperkalemia. Warn the patient to avoid potassium-containing salt substitutes. Give captopril and moexipril 1 hour before meals.
Detailed explanation-3: -ACE inhibitors have the following actions: Dilate arteries and veins by blocking angiotensin II formation and inhibiting bradykinin metabolism. This vasodilation reduces arterial pressure, preload and afterload on the heart.
Detailed explanation-4: -ACE inhibitors are medications used to treat and manage hypertension, which is a significant risk factor for coronary disease, heart failure, stroke, and a host of other cardiovascular conditions. Most cases are primary and not attributable to any specific etiology.