CARDIOLOGY
VENTRICULAR SEPTAL DEFECT
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Question
[CLICK ON ANY CHOICE TO KNOW THE RIGHT ANSWER]
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Low cardiac output
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Myocardial dysfunction
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Pulmonary congestion
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Systemic venous congestion
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Detailed explanation-1: -The pathophysiological factors associated with heart failure in the newborn period are unobstructed pulmonary blood flow, obstruction to systemic flow, obstruction to pulmonary venous return, insufficiency of the atrioventricular valve(s), myocardial abnormalities or dysfunction, and coronary hypoperfusion.
Detailed explanation-2: -The most common cause of heart failure in children is a heart defect that is present at birth (congenital). Other causes include: Heart muscle disease or enlargement of the heart muscle (cardiomyopathy)
Detailed explanation-3: -Causes. Pulmonary edema is often caused by congestive heart failure. When the heart is not able to pump efficiently, blood can back up into the veins that take blood through the lungs. As the pressure in these blood vessels increases, fluid is pushed into the air spaces (alveoli) in the lungs.
Detailed explanation-4: -The most common cause of heart failure in children is a congenital heart defect.