MRCP UK EXAMINATIONS

Detailed explanation-1: -Heparin can be used in vivo (by injection), and also in vitro to prevent blood or plasma clotting in or on medical devices.

Detailed explanation-2: -Thrombin inhibitors work by attaching to thrombin, keeping it from assisting clotting processes. They are often used as alternatives to heparin and its variants, especially to prevent the formation of clots after certain medical procedures. These include argatroban, desirudin and bivalirudin.

Detailed explanation-3: -Recently, a novel anticoagulant, hirudin, was discovered and proposed for in vitro and ex vivo blood-based assays due to its MOA specific to a single target, thrombin, in the common coagulation pathway.

Detailed explanation-4: -Heparin inhibits reactions that lead to the clotting of blood and the formation of fibrin clots both in vitro and in vivo. Small amounts of heparin in combination with antithrombin III, a heparin cofactor, ) can inhibit thrombosis by inactivating Factor Xa and thrombin.