MRCP UK EXAMINATIONS

Detailed explanation-1: -Clotting factors involved in the intrinsic pathway include factors XII, XI, IX, and VIII. Clotting factors involved in the extrinsic pathway include factors VII and III. The common pathway includes clotting factors X, V, II, I, and XIII.

Detailed explanation-2: -The intrinsic pathway consists of factors I, II, IX, X, XI, and XII. Respectively, each one is named, fibrinogen, prothrombin, Christmas factor, Stuart-Prower factor, plasma thromboplastin, and Hageman factor. The extrinsic pathway consists of factors I, II, VII, and X. Factor VII is called stable factor.

Detailed explanation-3: -Factor XI (FXI) is the zymogen of a serine protease enzyme in the intrinsic pathway of blood coagulation and is an important factor in the creation of a stable fibrin clot.

Detailed explanation-4: -The extrinsic and intrinsic coagulation pathways both lead into the final common pathway by independently activating factor X. The extrinsic pathway involves initiation by factor III (i.e., tissue factor) and its interaction with factor VII. Whereas, factors XII, XI, IX, and VIII are utilized in the intrinsic pathway.

Detailed explanation-5: -The factor XII–driven plasma contact system The intrinsic pathway of coagulation is initiated by factor XII (FXII, Hageman factor), in a reaction involving high molecular weight kininogen (HK) and plasma kallikrein (PK). These factors are collectively referred to as the plasma contact system.