MRCP UK EXAMINATIONS

Detailed explanation-1: -Osteoclasts are multinucleated cells that are responsible for resorption of bone, and increased activity of these cells is associated with several common bone diseases, including postmenopausal osteoporosis.

Detailed explanation-2: -PTH functions to improve the production of activated vitamin D and calcium absorption. In contrast, osteoclast activity can be accelerated through the stimulation of PTH, causing further bone resorption. Calcitonin exerts bone-protective effects by transferring calcium into bone tissues when binding to its receptor.

Detailed explanation-3: -Bone resorption is the unique function of the osteoclast, and anti-osteoporosis therapy to date has targeted this cell. The osteoclast is a specialized macrophage polykaryon whose differentiation is principally regulated by macrophage colony-stimulating factor, RANK ligand, and osteoprotegerin.