NEUROLOGY
HEMIPARESIS
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Question
[CLICK ON ANY CHOICE TO KNOW THE RIGHT ANSWER]
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Oliguria and serum hyperosmolarity
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Excessive urine output and decreased urine osmolality
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Oliguria and decreased urine osmolality
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Excessive urine output and serum hypo-osmolarity
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Detailed explanation-1: -Signs and symptoms of increased ICP include change in level of consciousness, headache, irregular respirations, widening pulse pressure, bradycardia, projectile vomiting, abnormal pupils, and decerebrate or decorticate posturing.
Detailed explanation-2: -The answer is C. A ventriculostomy is a catheter inserted in the area of the lateral ventricle to assess ICP. It will help drain CSF during increase pressure readings and measure ICP. The nurse must monitor for ICP levels greater than 20 mmHg and report it to the doctor.
Detailed explanation-3: -The acute head trauma can lead (directly or indirectly) to dysfunction of the hypothalamic neurons secreting antidiuretic hormone (ADH) or of the posterior pituitary gland causing post-traumatic DI (PTDI). PTDI is usually diagnosed in the first days after the trauma presenting with hypotonic polyuria.
Detailed explanation-4: -Which of the following signs and symptoms of increased ICP after head trauma would appear first? Question 1 Explanation: The earliest symptom of elevated ICP is a change in mental status. Bradycardia, widened pulse pressure, and bradypnea occur later.