NEUROLOGY
MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS
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Question
[CLICK ON ANY CHOICE TO KNOW THE RIGHT ANSWER]
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Plaques of demyelination, disseminated in time and space, interfere with neuronal transmission
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The dendrites on the neuron are overstimulated leading to the destruction of the axon.
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The dopaminergic neurons in the part of the brain called substantia nigra have started to die.
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None of the above
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Detailed explanation-1: -Pathophysiology. Early in the disease course, MS involves recurrent bouts of CNS inflammation that results in damage to both the myelin sheath surrounding axons as well as the axons themselves. Histologic examination reveals foci of severe demyelination, decreased axonal and oligodendrocyte numbers, and glial scarring.
Detailed explanation-2: -Multiple Sclerosis-pathology. Gross pathology examination shows multiple areas (plaques) of demyelination in white matter of the brain and spinal cord (not the peripheral nervous system). The plaques are frequently located adjacent to lateral ventricles (periventricular) in the cerebral hemispheres.
Detailed explanation-3: -Multiple sclerosis (MS) is generally considered as an autoimmune disease, in which autoreactive T cells enter the central nervous system (CNS) from the peripheral circulation and induce an inflammatory cascade resulting in demyelination and axonal loss.