MRCP UK EXAMINATIONS

Detailed explanation-1: -A demyelinating disease is any condition that causes damage to the protective covering (myelin sheath) that surrounds nerve fibers in your brain, the nerves leading to the eyes (optic nerves) and spinal cord. When the myelin sheath is damaged, nerve impulses slow or even stop, causing neurological problems.

Detailed explanation-2: -Axonal loss is now accepted as the major cause of irreversible neurologic disability in MS. Acute inflammatory demyelination is thought to be a principal cause of axonal transection and subsequent axonal degeneration.

Detailed explanation-3: -Axon degeneration is a common pathological character of those neurodegenerative diseases. It results in the loss of communication between neurons. Two decades ago, the Wallerian degeneration slow (Wlds) mouse strain was identified, in which the degeneration of transected axons is delayed.

Detailed explanation-4: -Injury to the central nervous system (CNS) results in oligodendrocyte cell death and progressive demyelination. Demyelinated axons undergo considerable physiological changes and molecular reorganizations that collectively result in axonal dysfunction, degeneration and loss of sensory and motor functions.