MRCP UK EXAMINATIONS

Detailed explanation-1: -It was reported that hyperglycaemia is associated with increased risk of developing type 2 diabetes and that diabetes is associated with oxidative stress and inflammation responses.

Detailed explanation-2: -Damaged axons “Myelin sheaths deteriorate in a number of neurodegenerative conditions resulting in axon damage, ‘’ Beirowski says, “most prominently in peripheral neuropathies such as diabetic neuropathy that is caused by metabolic tissue imbalances.”

Detailed explanation-3: -Neuropathy is one of the long-term complications of diabetes. Over time, high blood glucose (sugar) levels can damage the small blood vessels that supply the nerves in your body. This stops essential nutrients reaching the nerves. As a result, the nerve fibres can become damaged, and they may disappear.

Detailed explanation-4: -Oxidative stress plays a pivotal role in the development of diabetes complications, both microvascular and cardiovascular. The metabolic abnormalities of diabetes cause mitochondrial superoxide overproduction in endothelial cells of both large and small vessels, and also in the myocardium.