MRCP UK EXAMINATIONS

NEUROLOGY

SURGERY

Question [CLICK ON ANY CHOICE TO KNOW THE RIGHT ANSWER]
The nurse is caring for a patient with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) with high uric acid levels. Which medication administered by the nurse will prevent crystallization of uric acid and stone formation?
A
Allopurinol
B
Filgrastim
C
Hydroxyurea
D
Asparaginase
Explanation: 

Detailed explanation-1: -Medications can include can include allopurinol to reduce uric acid levels in the blood. Other medicines can include citrate to make urine less acidic (or more alkaline). Other medications can include thiazide diuretics (water pills) or tamsulosin (to relax the ureter and help the stone pass).

Detailed explanation-2: -Allopurinol is a very useful agent to prevent the development of tumor lysis syndrome. The use of allopurinol is associated with the development of skin rash, eosinophilia, and acute hepatitis. The combination of these symptoms is called allopurinol hypersensitivity syndrome.

Detailed explanation-3: -Allopurinol is used to prevent hyperuricemia in newly diagnosed patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). Although allopurinol has been shown to inhibit de novo purine synthesis (DNPS) in fibroblasts in vitro, this effect has not been assessed in ALL lymphoblasts.

Detailed explanation-4: -Red meat. Organ meats. Beer and alcohol. Meat-based gravies. Sardines, anchovies and shellfish. 19-Aug-2021

There is 1 question to complete.