NEUROLOGY
SURGERY
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Question
[CLICK ON ANY CHOICE TO KNOW THE RIGHT ANSWER]
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What clinical manifestations occur when there is destruction or dysfunction in the basal ganglia?
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Destruction or dysfunction of the basal ganglia leads not to paralysis but to muscle rigidity, disturbances of posture, and difficulty initiating or changing movement.
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The autonomic nervous system regulates the activities of internal organs such as the heart, lungs, blood vessels, digestive organs, and glands. Maintenance and restoration of internal homeostasis is largely the responsibility of the autonomic nervous system
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Flaccid paralysis and atrophy of the affected muscles.
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This barrier is formed by the endothelial cells of the brain’s capillaries, which form continuous tight junctions, creating a barrier to macromolecules and many compounds.
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Explanation:
Detailed explanation-1: -Involuntary movements in basal ganglia diseases include ① tremor, ② chorea, ③ ballism, ④ athetosis, and ⑤ dystonia. Tremor appears in PD as an initial sign of the illness in 60–70% of patients.
Detailed explanation-2: -Parkinson’s. Parkinson’s is the most notorious disease of the basal ganglia. Classic clinical symptoms include bradykinesia, resting tremor, postural instability, and shuffling gait. This disease is a result of neurodegeneration of the SNpc dopaminergic neurons.
Detailed explanation-3: -Parkinsonism. Huntington’s disease. Dystonia. Hemiballismus. Epilepsy. Tourette syndrome/obsessive–compulsive disorder. Sydenham’s chorea. PANDAS. More items
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