RESPIRATORY
CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE
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Question
[CLICK ON ANY CHOICE TO KNOW THE RIGHT ANSWER]
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Genetics, age, sex, economic status
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Exposure to particles from:tobacco, marijuana including passive smoking, occupational exposure
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Asthma and other non-airway related exaggerated responses, infections
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Chronic bronchitis is not associated with rate of decline in respiratory function
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Detailed explanation-1: -Besides inflammation, two other processes are involved in the pathogenesis of COPD-an imbalance between proteases and antiproteases and an imbalance between oxidants and antioxidants (oxidative stress) in the lungs.
Detailed explanation-2: -Smoking: This is the main risk factor for COPD. Most people who have COPD smoke or used to smoke. People who have a family history of COPD are more likely to develop the disease if they smoke.
Detailed explanation-3: -The molecular pathogenesis of COPD is characterized by airway inflammation; however, evidence on the relationship between airway inflammation and epithelial apoptosis is lacking. For decades, necrosis was considered as an accidental form of cell death that did not require any specific molecular signaling pathways.
Detailed explanation-4: -Smoking and air pollution are the most common causes of COPD. People with COPD are at higher risk of other health problems. COPD is not curable, but symptoms can improve if one avoids smoking, exposure to air pollution, and gets vaccines to prevent infections.