MRCP UK EXAMINATIONS

Detailed explanation-1: -PZA has been shown to induce greater hepatotoxicity than other first-line anti-TB drugs (3, 11). Although the incidence of PZA-induced hepatotoxicity decreased considerably after reducing the recommended standard dose, PZA is still considered the most frequent cause of anti-TB DIH (11, 12, 13, 14).

Detailed explanation-2: -INH, RIF, PZA, and EMB are considered first-line anti-TB drugs and form the core of standard treatment regimens.

Detailed explanation-3: -For initial empiric treatment of TB, start patients on a 4-drug regimen: isoniazid, rifampin, pyrazinamide, and either ethambutol or streptomycin. Once the TB isolate is known to be fully susceptible, ethambutol (or streptomycin, if it is used as a fourth drug) can be discontinued.

Detailed explanation-4: -First-line agents for treatment of TB disease consist of isoniazid, a rifamycin (rifampin or [less frequently] either rifapentine or rifabutin), pyrazinamide, and ethambutol; in addition, moxifloxacin is a first-line agent when administered in combination with isoniazid, rifapentine, and pyrazinamide [6].