MRCP UK EXAMINATIONS

Detailed explanation-1: -Bronchospasms happen when the muscles that line your bronchi (airways in your lungs) tighten. This results in wheezing, coughing, and other symptoms. Many things can cause bronchospasm, including asthma, and it’s usually managed with bronchodilators.

Detailed explanation-2: -Bronchial hyperresponsiveness (or other combinations with airway or hyperreactivity, BH used as a general abbreviation) is a state characterised by easily triggered bronchospasm (contraction of the bronchioles or small airways). Bronchial hyperresponsiveness can be assessed with a bronchial challenge test.

Detailed explanation-3: -Bronchial hyperresponsiveness is currently defined as an increase in sensitivity to a wide variety of airway narrowing stimuli. Most patients with asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) exhibit such an enhanced sensitivity.

Detailed explanation-4: -Bronchial hyperresponsiveness is known to occur during acute airway inflammation/injury caused by ozone exposure, viral infection, etc., and the involvement of an augmented reflex bronchoconstriction in these pathophysiological conditions has been clearly documented.

Detailed explanation-5: -Definition. Bronchospasm is an abnormal contraction of the smooth muscle of the bronchi, resulting in an acute narrowing and obstruction of the respiratory airway. A cough with generalized wheezing usually indicates this condition. Bronchospasm is a chief characteristic of asthma and bronchitis.