(A) Tariffs on sugar imports
(B) American settlers’ economic interests
(C) Queen limiting American’s political power
(D) ** The Hawaiian people agreeing to be annexed
EXPLANATIONS BELOW
Concept note-1: -When Queen Liliuokalani moved to establish a stronger monarchy, Americans under the leadership of Samuel Dole deposed her in 1893. The planters’ belief that a coup and annexation by the United States would remove the threat of a devastating tariff on their sugar also spurred them to action.
Concept note-2: -Ultimately, annexation was achieved due to the perceived threat of the Japanese invasion. Waves of Japanese came to the islands in increasing numbers to work in the sugar trade. U.S. military leaders feared potential Japanese occupation of the islands and created a strategic naval base in the center of the Pacific.
Concept note-3: -Queen Liliuokalani and her fellow citizens successfully protested the annexation by petitioning Congress.
Concept note-4: -In 1898, a wave of nationalism was caused by the Spanish-American War. Because of these nationalistic views, President William McKinley annexed Hawaii from the United States. Hawaii’s statehood was deferred by the United States until 1959 because of racial attitudes and nationalistic politics.