(A) Militarism
(B) Alliances
(C) Nationalism
(D) ** Imperialism
EXPLANATIONS BELOW
Concept note-1: -In general, European imperialism of Africa created tensions in that Germany felt left out of territory in the region.
Concept note-2: -European Expansionism The expansion of European nations as empires (also known as imperialism) can be seen as a key cause of World War I, because as countries like Britain and France expanded their empires, it resulted in increased tensions among European countries.
Concept note-3: -Although colonialism in Africa wasn’t a direct cause of World War I, it helped create an environment in which European empires thought of themselves as rivals who could only succeed at the expense of other empires.
Concept note-4: -The Scramble for Africa, also called the Partition of Africa, the Conquest of Africa or the Rape of Africa, was the invasion, annexation, division, and colonization of most of Africa by seven Western European powers during a short period known as New Imperialism (between 1881 and 1914).
Concept note-5: -The reasons for African colonisation were mainly economic, political and religious. During this time of colonisation, an economic depression was occurring in Europe, and powerful countries such as Germany, France, and Great Britain, were losing money.