(A) ** Central Powers
(B) Allied Powers
(C) Axis Powers
(D) Neutral Powers
EXPLANATIONS BELOW
Concept note-1: -The Allies described the wartime military alliance of Germany, Austria-Hungary, Bulgaria and the Ottoman Empire as the ‘Central Powers’. The name referred to the geographical location of the two original members of the alliance, Germany and Austria-Hungary, in central Europe.
Concept note-2: -The Ottomans refused an Allied demand that they expel German naval and military missions. The Ottoman Navy destroyed a Russian gunboat on 29 October 6:30 A.M. at Battle of Odessa. On 31 October 1914, Turkey formally entered the war on the side of the Central Powers. Russia declared war on 1 November 1914.
Concept note-3: -World War I had two main factions: the Central Powers, which included Germany, Austria-Hungary, Bulgaria and the Ottoman Empire; and the Allies, which included France, Great Britain, Russia, Italy, Japan and later, the United States.
Concept note-4: -The Central Powers included Germany, Austria-Hungary, the Ottoman Empire and Bulgaria.