GENERAL HISTOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Hypothalamus: The hypothalamus (hi-po-THAL-uh-mus) is in the lower central part of the brain. It links the endocrine system and nervous system. Nerve cells in the hypothalamus make chemicals that control the release of hormones secreted from the pituitary gland.

Detailed explanation-2: -The hypothalamus is a collection of specialized cells located in the brain, and is the primary link between the two systems. It produces chemicals that either stimulate or suppress hormone secretions of the pituitary gland.

Detailed explanation-3: -The hypothalamus is located in the ventral brain above the pituitary gland and below the third ventricle. The afferent pathways to the hypothalamic nuclei, the majority of which are located in the anterior hypothalamus, arise from the brainstem, thalamus, basal ganglia, cerebral cortex, and olfactory areas.

Detailed explanation-4: -There are three types of endocrine cells; alpha cells which secrete glucagon, beta cells which secrete insulin, and delta cells which inhibit the secretion on glucagon and insulin: Glucagon increases the blood glucose level by stimulating the liver causing convert Glycogen into Glucose (sugar).

Detailed explanation-5: -The hypothalamus secretes hormones that stimulate or suppress the release of hormones in the pituitary gland, in addition to controlling water balance, sleep, temperature, appetite, and blood pressure.