EXCRETORY SYSTEM
URETER
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Question
[CLICK ON ANY CHOICE TO KNOW THE RIGHT ANSWER]
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transitional cell carcinoma
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Lymphoma
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Renal cell carcinoma
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None of the above
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Detailed explanation-1: -Wilms’ tumor is the most common malignant kidney tumor found in children. The Horseshoe kidney is the most common renal fusion malformation. However, Wilms’ tumor is rarely identified in horseshoe kidney patients. Multimodal treatments in Wilms’ tumor can play important roles in increasing the survival rate.
Detailed explanation-2: -Based on the current evidence, cigarette smoking, obesity, and hypertension are the most well-established risk factors for sporadic RCC worldwide. Acquired cystic kidney disease is also a significant risk factor, specifically in dialysis patients.
Detailed explanation-3: -The most frequent complication associated with horseshoe kidney is pelviureteric junction (PUJ) obstruction and is seen in approximately one-third of the patients.
Detailed explanation-4: -The incidence of horseshoe kidney is approximately 1 in 500 in the normal population with a male preponderance of 2:1 [1][4]. The incidence is higher in those who present to urology clinics (1 in 304), and with some chromosomal disorders.