GENERAL HISTOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Neurotransmitter – A chemical released from a neuron following an action potential. The neurotransmitter travels across the synapse to excite or inhibit the target neuron. Different types of neurons use different neurotransmitters and therefore have different effects on their targets.

Detailed explanation-2: -Neurotransmitters diffuse across the synaptic cleft and bind to receptor molecules on the postsynaptic membrane. Receptor activation results in either the opening or the closing of ion channels in the membrane of the postsynaptic neuron, which alters the cell’s permeability.

Detailed explanation-3: -The molecules of neurotransmitter diffuse across the synaptic cleft and bind to receptor proteins on the postsynaptic cell. Activation of postsynaptic receptors leads to the opening or closing of ion channels in the cell membrane.

Detailed explanation-4: -Neurotransmitter is stored inside small sacs called synaptic vesicles, and is released into the synaptic cleft of the synapse when a vesicle fuses with the cell membrane. This process, which is known as exocytosis, can release neurotransmitter in less than a millisecond.

Detailed explanation-5: -Chemical synapses use the release of chemical neurotransmitters to propagate signals from one neuron (presynaptic) to another (postsynaptic). The two cells are separated by the synaptic cleft, a gap of approximately 40 nm between the presynaptic and postsynaptic membranes.