GENERAL HISTOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Insulin, together with its principal counter-regulatory hormone glucagon, regulates blood glucose concentrations. Pancreatic cells secrete 0.25–1.5 units of insulin per hour during the fasting (or basal) state, sufficient to enable glucose insulin-dependent entry into cells.

Detailed explanation-2: -Glucagon increases blood sugar levels, whereas insulin decreases blood sugar levels.

Detailed explanation-3: -Growth Hormone is released from the pituitary, which is a part of the brain. Like cortisol, growth hormone counterbalances the effect of insulin on muscle and fat cells. High levels of growth hormone cause resistance to the action of insulin.

Detailed explanation-4: -Glucagon. Glucagon is a hormone that works with other hormones and bodily functions to control glucose levels in the blood. It comes from alpha cells found in the pancreas and is closely related to insulin-secreting beta cells, making it a crucial component that keeps the body’s blood glucose levels stable.

Detailed explanation-5: -Insulin helps blood sugar enter the body’s cells so it can be used for energy. Insulin also signals the liver to store blood sugar for later use. Blood sugar enters cells, and levels in the bloodstream decrease, signaling insulin to decrease too.