ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
ADRENAL
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Question
[CLICK ON ANY CHOICE TO KNOW THE RIGHT ANSWER]
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VMA+HVA
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VMA+E
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HVA+NE
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Non
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Detailed explanation-1: -Vanillic acid (VMA) is the major end product of human norepinephrine and epinephrine metabolism (64).
Detailed explanation-2: -Homovanillic acid (HVA) and vanillylmandelic acid (VMA) measurements in urine are used for screening children for catecholamine-secreting tumors such as neuroblastoma, pheochromocytoma, and other neural crest tumors and monitoring those who have had treatment for these tumors.
Detailed explanation-3: -Vanillylmandelic acid (VMA), a metabolic by-product of norepinephrine and epinephrine, can be used to detect neuroblastoma and other tumors of neural crest origin.
Detailed explanation-4: -The low HVA and VMA values suggest decreased sympathetic outflow contributing to reduced physical activity and severe obesity, especially in patients with a hypothalamic tumor.