GENERAL HISTOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Kidney stones form when your urine contains more crystal-forming substances-such as calcium, oxalate and uric acid-than the fluid in your urine can dilute. At the same time, your urine may lack substances that prevent crystals from sticking together, creating an ideal environment for kidney stones to form.

Detailed explanation-2: -It’s normal to have a few small crystals in your urine. But certain types of crystals may stick together and become kidney stones, which are hard, pebble-like pieces of material that form in the kidneys. Kidney stones can be as small as a grain of sand or as big as a pea or even larger.

Detailed explanation-3: -Crystals in urine occur when there are too many minerals in your urine and not enough liquid. The tiny pieces collect and form masses. These crystals may be found during urine tests (urinalysis). Having crystals in your urine is called crystalluria.

Detailed explanation-4: -Calcium oxalate crystals are shaped like dumbbells or envelopes. They’re colorless and can be found in healthy urine. Calcium oxalate crystals are heavily associated with kidney stones, which can form when too much oxalate (found in such foods as spinach) is in the system.

Detailed explanation-5: -A diet high in salt (sodium) causes calcium to build in your urine. Too much calcium in your urine can lead to new stones. It can also cause your bones to weaken. Include the right amount of calcium in your diet.