GENERAL HISTOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -The indented or concave section is known as the hilum. This is where the renal artery, the renal vein and the ureter enter / exit the kidney. Each kidney is enclosed in a semi-transparent membrane called as the renal capsule.

Detailed explanation-2: -The normal hilum (Fig. 3, A), therefore, has a concave lateral margin with its apex or center representing the intersection of the descending upper lobe vein with the lower lobe artery.

Detailed explanation-3: -The renal hylus (Latin: hylus renale) or renal pedicle is the hylus of the kidney, that is, its recessed central fissure where its vessels, nerves and ureter pass.