GENERAL HISTOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Osmotic Diuretics (Examples: Mannitol, Glycerin, Isosorbide, Urea)

Detailed explanation-2: -The prototypical osmotic diuretic is mannitol. Mannitol lowers the intra cranial pressure through two effects in the brain. The first, rheological effect, reduces blood viscosity, and promotes plasma expansion and cerebral oxygen delivery.

Detailed explanation-3: -Osmotic diuresis is increased urination due to the presence of certain substances in the fluid filtered by the kidneys. This fluid eventually becomes urine. The process of osmosis created by these substances cause additional water to come into the urine, increasing its amount.

Detailed explanation-4: -Unlike other diuretics which are often used to treat hypertension and edematous states, osmotic diuretics are mainly used to lower intraocular pressure in glaucoma and before ophthalmologic procedures; or to lower intracranial pressure, such as following head trauma.