GENERAL HISTOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Chromatin/Chromosomes-Packed inside the nucleus of every human cell is nearly 6 feet of DNA, which is divided into 46 individual molecules, one for each chromosome and each about 1.5 inches long. Packing all this material into a microscopic cell nucleus is an extraordinary feat of packaging.

Detailed explanation-2: -Most DNA is located in the cell nucleus (where it is called nuclear DNA), but a small amount of DNA can also be found in the mitochondria (where it is called mitochondrial DNA or mtDNA). Mitochondria are structures within cells that convert the energy from food into a form that cells can use.

Detailed explanation-3: -A nucleus, as related to genomics, is the membrane-enclosed organelle within a cell that contains the chromosomes. An array of holes, or pores, in the nuclear membrane allows for the selective passage of certain molecules (such as proteins and nucleic acids) into and out of the nucleus.

Detailed explanation-4: -DNA is normally found as a loosely contained structure called chromatin within the nucleus, where it is wound up and associated with a variety of histone proteins. When a cell is about to divide, the chromatin coils tightly and condenses to form chromosomes.

Detailed explanation-5: -Both plant and animal cells are eukaryotic, so they contain membrane-bound organelles like the nucleus and mitochondria. The nucleus of eukaryotic cells is similar to the brain of the cell. It contains the genetic information (DNA) and directs the cell how to function.