GENERAL HISTOLOGY

INTRODUCTION

CELL STRUCTURE

Question [CLICK ON ANY CHOICE TO KNOW THE RIGHT ANSWER]
Basic structure of a virus includes a capsid, ____, envelope, and ____
A
receptors, nucleic acids
B
protein coat, DNA or RNA
C
capsule, nuclear membranes
D
attachment, cell membranes
Explanation: 

Detailed explanation-1: -The simplest virions consist of two basic components: nucleic acid (single-or double-stranded RNA or DNA) and a protein coat, the capsid, which functions as a shell to protect the viral genome from nucleases and which during infection attaches the virion to specific receptors exposed on the prospective host cell.

Detailed explanation-2: -Enveloped and non-enveloped viruses Viruses are composed of two main components: the viral genome (which can be RNA or DNA) and the virus-coded protein capsid that surrounds the genome. If the virus particle contains only these two elements, it is called a non-enveloped virus.

Detailed explanation-3: -A virus is made up of a DNA or RNA genome inside a protein shell called a capsid. Some viruses have an external membrane envelope. Viruses are very diverse. They come in different shapes and structures, have different kinds of genomes, and infect different hosts.

Detailed explanation-4: -The genetic material of viruses can be composed of DNA or RNA. All living cells, whether human, animal, plant, or bacterial, have double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) as their genetic material. Viruses, on the other hand, have genomes, or genetic material, that can be composed of DNA or RNA (but not both).

Detailed explanation-5: -Many mature infectious viruses with positive-sense RNA genomes are known to consist of a single copy of the genome inside a one-molecule-thick shell of protein (the capsid protein [CP]).

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