GENERAL HISTOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Ammonia is a toxic product of nitrogen metabolism which should be removed from our body. The urea cycle or ornithine cycle converts excess ammonia into urea in the mitochondria of liver cells. The urea forms, then enters the blood stream, is filtered by the kidneys and is ultimately excreted in the urine.

Detailed explanation-2: -Ammonia is produced from leftover amino acids, and it must be removed from the body. The liver produces several chemicals (enzymes) that change ammonia into a form called urea, which the body can remove in the urine. If this process is disturbed, ammonia levels begin to rise.

Detailed explanation-3: -Hepatic ammonia detoxification to urea is critical for the prevention of hyperammonemia and neurological damage. Hepatocyte mitochondrial aquaporin-8 (AQP8) channels have been involved in ammonia-derived ureagenesis.

Detailed explanation-4: -Results and conclusions: Brain detoxifies ammonia during liver failure by ammonia uptake from the blood, glutamine synthesis and subsequent glutamine release into the blood.

Detailed explanation-5: -Typically, ammonia is detoxified in the liver by transformation to urea by the Krebs–Henseleit cycle. Ammonia is likewise devoured in the transformation of glutamate to glutamine, a response that relies on the action of glutamine synthetase. Two factors add to the hyperammonemia that is found in cirrhosis.