GENERAL HISTOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -The TH lymphocytes function indirectly to identify potential pathogens for other cells of the immune system. These cells are important for extracellular infections, such as those caused by certain bacteria, helminths, and protozoa.

Detailed explanation-2: -T cells can detect the presence of an intracellular pathogen because infected cells display on their surface peptide fragments derived from the pathogen’s proteins. These foreign peptides are delivered to the cell surface by specialized host-cell glycoproteins.

Detailed explanation-3: -Helper T Cells Secrete Cytokines Once activated, helper T cells start to secrete proteins called cytokines, and these activate virtually all the other cells of the immune system. Cytokines stimulate the proliferation and differentiation of other immune cells such as T cells, macrophages, B cells, and leukocytes.

Detailed explanation-4: -T cells can wipe out infected or cancerous cells. They also direct the immune response by helping B lymphocytes to eliminate invading pathogens. B cells create antibodies. B lymphocytes, also called B cells, create a type of protein called an antibody.