GENERAL HISTOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -In summary, the lymphatic valves are a hallmark of all lymphatic vessels that serve a number of important functions: They minimize lymph backflow when the pressure gradients are not conducive to central lymph flow.

Detailed explanation-2: -The lymphatic vessels come together in still-larger tubes called collecting ducts. A series of valves keep the fluid moving one way. The collecting ducts empty the lymph into the right or left lymphatic duct (thoracic duct).

Detailed explanation-3: -The lymphatic system contains intraluminal leaflet valves that function to bias lymph flow back towards the heart. These valves are present in the collecting lymphatic vessels, which generally have lymphatic muscle cells and can spontaneously pump fluid.

Detailed explanation-4: -Lymph ducts are similar to veins in that they contain valves to prevent backflow. The lymph moves via peristaltic waves of contraction throughout the lymph vessels until the lymph empties into either the thoracic duct or the right lymphatic duct.