GENERAL HISTOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Microglia are the primary innate immune cells of the brain. They colonize the brain early in brain development. The mechanisms driving microglia colonization and differentiation have only recently been described.

Detailed explanation-2: -Microglia are the primary immune cells of the central nervous system, similar to peripheral macrophages. They respond to pathogens and injury by changing morphology and migrating to the site of infection/injury, where they destroy pathogens and remove damaged cells.

Detailed explanation-3: -Microglia and perivascular macrophages are the only resident immune cells of the brain parenchyma (Goldmann et al., 2016).

Detailed explanation-4: -When activated, microglia are potent immune effector cells, able to perform a broad range of functions, and they mediate both innate and adaptive responses during CNS injury and disease while remaining quiescent in the steady state.

Detailed explanation-5: -Microglia are resident cells of the brain that regulate brain development, maintenance of neuronal networks, and injury repair.